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Intel - History
Anglo-Japanese Alliance

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Japan's Minister to Britain, Hayashi Tadasu
Lord Lansdowne and Japanese Minister Hayashi Tadasu Sign Pact
January 30, 1902
  • The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance was signed in London at what is now the Lansdowne Club, on January 30, 1902, by Lord Lansdowne (British foreign secretary) and Hayashi Tadasu (Japanese minister in London).
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Alliance Formally Announced
February 2, 1902
  • The alliance was announced on February 12, 1902.
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Russia Seeks Alliance with Germany and France, Germany Refuses
  • In response, Russia sought to form alliances with France and Germany, which Germany declined.
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Russo-Japanese War
1904
  • Nevertheless, the nature of the Anglo-Japanese alliance meant that France was unable to come to Russia's aid in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 as this would have meant going to war with Britain.
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Britain and Japan Renew and Extend the Alliance
1905
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Britain Awards Japan's Meiji Emperor the "Order of the Garter" Knighthood
1906
  • The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance was signed in London at what is now the Lansdowne Club, on January 30, 1902, by Lord Lansdowne (British foreign secretary) and Hayashi Tadasu (Japanese minister in London).
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Britain and Japan Again Pledge to Renew and Extend the Alliance
1911
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Japanese troops row to German base at Tsingtao, in China
Japan Attacks German Military Base on Behalf of the British Empire
1914
  • The alliance's provisions for mutual defense prompted Japan to enter World War I on the British side.
  • Japan attacked the German base at Tsingtao in 1914 and forced the Germans to surrender.


Britain's Queen Mary Battle cruiser explodes and sinks May 31, 1916


 
Japanese Officers Killed Serving Alongside British Officers in Battle of Jutland
1916
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Japanese Warships Provide Protection of Allied Shipping Lanes in Mediterranean Sea
1917
  • In 1917, Japanese warships were sent to the Mediterranean and assisted in the protection of allied shipping near Malta from U-boat attacks; there is a memorial there to the sailors who fell.
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Anglo-Japanese Alliance Replaced by Four-Power Treaty of Britain, Japan, US, and France
December 1921
  • It was in December 1921 the Four-Power Treaty was signed by Britain, Japan, the USA and France.
  • This was essentially an agreement to maintain the status quo as regards the balance of naval power in the Pacific, respect the territorial rights of all signatories, and consult all signatories in case of a crisis in the region.
  • Although Japan had to sign an agreement limiting her ship tonnage and firing power, she was guaranteed that no new fortifications would be made on any foreign naval base closer to her sphere of influence than Hawaii, thus strengthening her position in the region.
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