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Intel - History
Treaty of Westphalia

"In God we trust.
All others we monitor."
 

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Ended the Thirty Years War

Holy Roman Empire against various German princes and the King of Sweden
against Polish nobility, against the French and the Austrians
Protestants and Catholics did not get along

Drafted by Cardinal Mazarin
May 15, 1648
  • The majority of the Peace's terms can be attributed to the work of Cardinal Mazarin, the de facto leader of France at the time (the King, Louis XIV, was still a child).
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Peace Must Be "True and Honest"
  • Section I
    "That there shall be a Christian and Universal Peace, and a perpetual, true, and sincere"
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Principle of the "Advantage of the Other"
  • Section I
    "each Party shall endeavour to procure the Benefit, Honour and Advantage of the other"
  • This is something Homer references in his writings
  • This is a concept far more profound than a mere ceasefire. North Korea and South Korea have had a ceasefire for decades
  • This is the idea of forgiveness
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Peace Founded on Friendship and Good Faith
  • Section I
    "that thus on all sides they may see this Peace and Friendship in the Roman Empire, and the Kingdom of France flourish, by entertaining a good and faithful Neighbourhood."
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Peace Demands Forgiving and Forgetting
  • Section II
    "That there shall be on the one side and the other a perpetual Oblivion, Amnesty, or Pardon of all that has been committed since the beginning of these Troubles, in what place, or what manner soever the Hostilitys have been practis'd...in such a manner that all that might be demanded of, or pretended to, by each other on that behalf, shall be bury'd in eternal Oblivion."
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